And one-half to stew art-warner speedometer cor



W. A. EDWARDS.

CARBUBETER.

APPLICATION man Nov. le. |915.

Patented Oct. 7, 1919.

lil..

'sidin UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE L. EDWARDS, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. SIGNOR 0l DHB-HALF T0 Wm JAY, *,QHICAGO, ILLINOIS, AND ONE-HALF T0 .BTEWAB'LWLBNEB mlm 00L .'VTION', QF OHIGAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0l VIRGINIA.

A omonima.

lpeoloatton o! Lettera Patent.

Patented oet. 7, 191e.

Application lied November 19, 1016. Serial lo. 68,806.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. I lowanns, a subject of the King of Great Britain, re at Chica in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois,'have invented cert-ain new and useful Improvements in Carburetei's, of which the following is a specification.

y This invention pertains to ca rbureters for use in connection with gas engines, and has for its primary object the provisioruof a carburetor which will be extremely simple in construction and cheap to manufacture, vwhich will consist of a minimum number of parts, which will' be highly eilicient and sensitive'in operation, and which will not be i aptto get out of order or require adjustment or repairs.' 4 In carrying my invention into effect; I employv a Venturi tube through which the air is supplied to the engincmanifold. Itis well knotivn that when a stream. of air is llowing through a Venturi tube there will produced in the throat of the tube, or, in other words, la. short distance beyond -the point of minimum restriction of the tube. a vacuum, or at least a partial "acuum, -which is disposed alopg the-longitudinal axis of the tube. rMy present .invention 4,contem lates they introduction or delivery of the quid fuel into this vacuum area-or area of mimmum pressure within thel tube, so thatthe issuing fuel will be electively volatilized, 'and also contemplates locating an air controlling valve within the throat of the Venturi tube by means' of which the amount of nir iassing through the tube may be reguate 4By mounting the air valve and the fuel delivery nozzle or supply orilice in thisV particular location in the tube a direct su'ction will be exerted upon the fuel delivery' orifice when the How of air is cut down, which will be automatically superseded by a venturi ac- .tion as the flow of Vair is issued. B v reason .of this construction-,I am able to dispense *with the usual needle .valve andto employ a fuelfclelivel orilicef--of constant size. the quantities o fuel issuing from this orlfice 'being-"regulated h v the positonpf the uil` .controlling valve and the positlon of the fuel delivery orifice.

Another object "is to so arrange and connect the air controlling valve and the fuel delivery device that the supply of fuel will automatically va. in quantity proportion, ately to the variations in the uantity of air passing through the tube, with the result that a mixture of the required richness is delivered by thecarburetor irrespective of variations in the engine speed.

Still another object of my invention is'the provision of a novel accelerating well; e., a construction which will supply a supplemental charge of fuel to .the vaponzing .chamber when the engine is being started, to produce a very rich starting mixture.

Other objects and many attendant advantages of iny invention should be appreciated as the same is better understood'by referen to'the following description when comidered in connection with the acmpanying drawings, on which'- F'gure 1- is a longitudinal sectional-view of a carburetor ein ying my invention, taken on the line 1- 1.0f Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line2-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig.3 isa detailed perspective view of the air controlling disk.

Fig. l is a detail section in the same plane as Fig. 1 showing the valve in the Venturi throatat closed sition.

On the drawings reference character 5 designates generally the carburetor casing, which is shaped to provide a tube or cylin- .der 6,- a downwardly extending spindle guide portion 7, and a laterally extending En-tion 8 forming the top of the float chamr, as lwill be later more fully described. The cylindrical portion 6 is provided at one end with a flange 9, by means of which the casing is attached to the manifold of an en- .gine in the usual way, the opposite end of through. the cylinder 6 and Venturi tube 12 and rolects downwardly through the guide mem r 7 into the oat chamber 14. The lower portion or body 15 of the oat chamber 14, which may be cast or sheet metal, is adapted to lit wi lim the lower edge of the to portion 8 an is held in position preferab y .by a hollow nut 16 threadedthrough an o enmg in the bottom of the body 15 and into e tapped lower end of the spindle guide 7, as shown'in Fig. 2. The spindle guide and the nut 16 are provided with drain openin 17 throu -h which the lioat chamber may drained y unscrewing the plug 18, as will be readily understood. A gasket 19 ispreferably interposed 4between the lloat chamber sections 8 and 15 to insure a tight iit at their umqn Liquid fuel is su plied to the float chamber from any suita le source through a su ply conduit or pipe 21 connected with tie top of the chamber 14, the pipe being formed near its end to provide a valve seat 22. A frame comprising a circular portion 23, :i rigid overlying arm 2l and an upwardly bent portion 25 at one end is pivoted at l26 'Within the rfloat chamber and the arm 24 car ries a valve plug 27 adapted to seat against the valve seat 22 to shut olf the flow of fuel to the chamber. A float 28 is disposed in the float chamber and as the liquid in the chamber rises this float will be engaged by the circular portion 23 of the frame whereby the frame and the valve plug 2T will be lifted by the floatA until the fuel sup ly is shut oil'. It will be understood that as t ie fuel is withdrawn from the lioat chamber the float and the valve controlled thereby will move downwardly, permitting an inflow of fuel to the chamber.

The spindle 132 mounted as viously described, is provided in its ower portion with a longitudinally disposed bore 29 ex- `tending from the lower end thereof to a point within 'the lower wall of the .Venturi tube 12. The lower end ofthe bore is closed by a 'plu 30 having a .bleed openin 31 .to permit a imited flow of fuel from t e iloat chamber into the bore, or, as I term it, the accelerating well. A centrally dislposed tube 0r duct 32 extending lengitu mal the well 29 projects at its lower en through the plug 31 into the float chamber and terminates at its uplper end in the spindle 13 substantially on t e longitudinal axis of the Venturi tube 12. At or adgacent to the upper end of the duct 32 the spindle is provided with a transverse openin 33 of substantially the samediamet'er as t .e duct and through which the bore communicates with the interior of the 'Venturi tube, Directly o ite to the open vand in arial aline- 15:1? therewith the sligindle is'prpvided with another opening 34 a so .communicating with lthe duct 32 but substantially twice the diamthrough casing.

mime-r eter of the opening 33. It is through one or |both of these o nin as the case ma bc that fuel is de were from the lient c iamber to the Venturi tube in a manner which will be later described. The o enings, 33 and 34, together constitute a su sidiaryr ir duct for ermitting air to pass from like outer to t e inner sideof the valve at t e closed position of the latter, and is hereinafter referred to as the subsidiary air duct. T he opening. 3-1, having under co1'- tainconditions the unction of relieving the suction of the fuel duct, 32, is hereafter referred to as the suction relief openin s. Above the upper end of the duct 32 the spindle isrovlded with a longitudinallv extending s ot 35 adapted to receive the web 36 of a valve disk 37 which is providedivith a recess 38, the side walls of which are adapted to snu ly fit the sides of the spindle when the clslc is in operative Josition. as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. It shou d be observed at this point that the disk 37 is )ositioned on the spindle 13 to lie in a p anc disposed at right angles to the axis of the .alined openings 33 and 3l, and that these openin are ,substantially in the center of I'the dis and in the cent'er of the Venturi tube, and that the diameter of the disk is only slightly less than the diameter of the Venturi tubez alon the axis of its intersection by the s in le 13 so that when sind disk is dispo transversely of the tube lt/ will nearly close the tube at this point. The spindle is oscillated 4for the urpose of coutrolling the air and fuel delivered from the 'carbureter by means of an arm 39 mounted upon the upper end of the spindle and Fixed thereto by a, pin 11 or other means. This arm is connected. b suitable .mechanism to the throttle lever o the machine so as to be operated in the' usual manner.

The normal feed of the fuel from the float chamber to the Venturi tube is throu l1 the duct 82, but in order to sup 1y a supp emental charge of fuel to furnis i a rich starting mixture I have provided the followin conspi dle l13' communicates at its upper end with the. interior of the Venturi tube a' laterally opening orifice 43 lostrlctiom A duct or tube 42 carried v the amig 'cited neath and in proximity to the-orilice 34. The lower end of the tube 42 terminutes a short distance above the bottoml of the well 29. The upper end of the well is in constant communication-with the atmosphere through an elon Vted port Y 44 vformed in the wall of the we l and registering with a port 45 formed in the cai'b'ureter The fuel in the well is therefore subjected to atmospheric pressure aty all times. a

The opera-tion of that embodiment of my invention herein shown for the nirpose ot illustrating the generic piincip essthereot lie-is not runnin theelevelof tlijo 'fuel i.. die twel! .729. and int iel dootcliamheif' 14 will "be sub- F16 inkt Fig. 2.

intake end of the tube iinrrtlie'or toward the delivery end. Whent is tui-ned over either by hand orY n )werfY as Vthe case maybe, a directsuction Visexeriiod upon the venturi,`A andthe choker 11 lieing nearly closed a'substantial vacuum will be Y.produced in the venturi. Air will be drawn through the opening 8l and out the opening '83 across the top of the duct 3'2`, which action `thus 4 tube.' and when the disk 87 has been turned 4parallel with the direction. of the-tion' of will draw fuel up the duct 82 out through the opening 33 into the vaporiziig chamber. The amount of fuel thatmill be livered in this way is dependent, of course, ii n the sizes of the openings 33 and rand t ef uct 32. The suction createdv'in theiventuri ck of the disk 3T will also cause the fuel inthe wel] 29 to discharge through the Yduct 4:2

and the orifice 43 into the intake end of the venturi, from whence it. will be drawn with the air passing around the disk 3i' through the venturi and into the manifold. This supplement-lil supply vof fuel through the duct 42 from the well provides a starting charge, producing a very rich mixturev during the acceleration period ofEV the engine.

As soon,l however, as the leiel of the fuel in the well '29 falls below the end ofthe duct 4'2 air will be drawn through the duct and thereafter during the running' of theV enginey only such quantities of fuel will be delivered bv the duct 42 as enter the' well Vil!) throuil; the bleed ogeningl. As the engine picV u p the cho er 11 may he opened andV sui- 'clent fuel will be supplied with the disk 3? closed t pc'uiit the engine'to idle. When it is desired to up the engine the spin-i dle '13 is' tu'rne hyv means of the lever 9. permit-ting more air to pass through t 'e "air throughy the Vtube into the position in Fi l and 2 the actiourof the carbureter wi lhave changed from a direct suctionA to a true Yventuri action. and since-disparte are so positioxd and arra d t 'the olienin 33 hw-illhe peltwnedin the zone o minimum pressure onlin other Words. in-V the uranium-zione ofytheifventuri it will be obvious-tiiatethqfuel will bei` suppliedas rapidly as ,pernutted b ithe size of the duct and,willbecdelivenedynto the vaca, um :zone of the,fventiirithrougli bethel open? ings and; 34.1 As theY engine isgradually throttled Adowirhzr` tiu'ninglthespiudle 113, the aentuiyi action willibe gradual v,-dimin e venturi whenV the disk 3T is wide It is believed that the principles und the mode of o ration of niy invention will be uderstoo from the foregoing without further description but it should be manifest that the details of construction illustrated and described are capable of considerable modification and variation withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention as dei lined in the Vfollowing claims: `Iclaiuu" i 1.' In a carburetor, in combination with a Venturi tube inlet passage, a valve mounted withint said Venturi nea'r theniost v constricted -iortion t ereo forclosing the assage at t lat point, and a fuel inlet duct aving its discharge mouth open at a Joint at the inner side of said valve at the closed position thereof. l 'i 2. In a carburetor, in'combination with a Venturi tube air inlet passi a throttle valve controlling the flow o air throu the YVenturi tub'eraiiquid fuel inlet tu l. having a suction relief passage extending fronione side tothe "other of the valve at therclosecl ition of the lat-ter, aiid'having its disc arge opening itioi'ie'dY inthe low )ressure area of the enturi tube.`

3. n a carbureter, in combination with a "enturi tube air intake; a throttle 'valve mounted vwithin said Venturi passa for tui-ning therein to close' the passage su :tau-V tiallgnat ,atraiis-axial plane cntti f Ythe'low'rlll ressm'eurea thereotand a fuelfiiilet tube aring its discharge mouth at the inner side of the closed position of said valve.

L In a carburetor. iueombination with a Venturi tube air inlet passage,y a pivoted lll throttle valve mounted for turning inthe l euturi passage near themost constred pointthereofj. a liquid fuel inlet tube u-nose terminal portion is rotatable with the throtv tieciahe. gaudlias its,` discharge inouthegatl!! .the open lwsition ofsaid rali-eva short dissi, tanceffinward fromI the.` fransuixial plane `of. Y

and in tlic. low

mi little-,falend Position uff funraire -of the latter.

Y vided wi .siasi ser,

substantially co-axiai st the center 4Venturitnbe.

Venturi tube air inlet p -c-f a throttle valve for said a fuel inlet having a. discharge `terminal rotatable with the' opening and closing movement of the throttle valve, and having asuction relief opening positioned within the low pres' sure area o the Venturi tube, and which at the open position of the valve is turned in the direction to become fuel discharge mouth. p

7. In a construction characterized as set out in c laim 1 the fuel inlet in the axial portion oi the throttle vaive, and havii a suction relief openinghat side of the v ve which is'outward at e closed position 8. In a carburetor ch V Y f as set out in claim 1, the fuel inlet w1 -Y having in its terminal portion .a suction i ef oion and having said terminal portion orm in. the throttle valve at .the axial portion thereof, whereby the disch reliefolpenings therefrom are 'openings in ve. v @In a ourburtercharacterized as set out 1 the fuel inlet passage be Y prodischarge mouth of said passage. '10.5111 `a, carburetor characterized as eet 'out in claim Y 9 foregoing, the discharge muthand the suction relief opening being of the A11. Inl a carburetor 4 e combination of a Venturi air intake tu; a spindle disposed transversely of saidtube, constituting aY fuelduct; a. source of liquid fuel with which said duct communicates at one lend, the other end l eing o -n in said Venturi tube, and an air-controlling device mounted on said s indie having afuel discharge aperture w ch communicates with the last mentioned o nd of the fuel passa ofthe spindle and which is positioned wi in the low pressure area of theyVenturi tube.

l2. In a carburetor, the combination of a. Venturi air intake tube, a spindle dis Vtransverscly of said tube, having a fue duct and a delivery intakeopo'mng into the tube; an ai'igcontrolling de vice mounted on said spindle-shaving a liquid fuel discha a Iture.- .cmnmunicating with the spin' e the continuum ef a take tube '13, .In a Cllrbnefers Y.

Venturi an" in in the spindles, saiddislr being arge and suction a'suction relief opening ergery naine? located in proximity to said chamber, la

sgindle extending throh said tube into the c amber, andi'Y vid with a longitudinallyfdisposed el duct oommunioatin at one end with chamber, n: valve isk mounted en said spindle, said spindle being provided'with a transverse openi hshingV communication between said duct and said tube at one side of the disk, andalso l j munilcating with the interior of said tube throi gh two alined .openings of di'erent sizes, and a valve disk positioned in said slot rovided wit' a recess' to receive the spind eat the inne end of said slot, said disk being sitiolned within said. tube at right ang es to the alinod transverse openings of the spindle.

15.111 a carbureter, the combination of a Venturi tube, a spindle extending transversel of said tube, a. duct carried b said spin e for dcliverin fuel to the tu an accelerating well carried by the spindle, and means for delivering the contents of said well to the tube when the engine is started. 16. In a carburetor, in combination with a Venturi air intake p, a valve which controlsY the air 'inflow through such passa a subsidiary air duct leading. from a point which is at the outer side of the valve when the latter is at closed position, and which is at a point in the Venturi tubo near the plane of greatest constriction thereof, tothe side of the 'valve which is exposed to the engine suctioniat closed position of the vaive,'a l1 uid 'fuel supply Vduct con-` structed for disc at said suction side of the `valve in theY enturi p :+1 proximate to the transverseA lane at w ich the subsidiaryair duct urges.

17. In a consti'i'ictionV such asset out in claim 16 fo ing, the subsidiary air duct being relative restricted at its discharge end, and the liquid fuel supply duct bem still more rest'ri d at its dischar en proximate tothe discharge end of t e subsidia air duct.` Y'

18. n alcarbureter in eombination'with that side of the 'efwhicli atY po sition is exposed to suction.

19. Inastructuresuch assotoutinclaim between cstabico lll

18 foregoing, asubsdiury :n.ir` inlet duct position of the valve, the subsidiary air which has its intake end at the outer side of supply imfinges upon and tends to mix the closed dposition of the valve and its dis- -with the nel delivered through said fuel l charge en at the inner side of said closed inlet tube. e

5 position, and proximate to the dischareof said fuel inlet tube, whereby at the e osed WILLIAM A. EDWARDS. 

